Inguquko Engakhokhelwa Okuholayo: Ama Tees Ethusi Aqinisekisiwe we-UKCA Wokuphepha Kwamanzi Okuphuza

Ukuchayeka komthofu emanzini okuphuza ase-UK kusalokhu kuwukukhathazeka, njengoba ukuhlola kwakamuva kuthole izikole ezingu-14 kwezingu-81 ezinamaleveli omthofu angaphezu kuka-50 µg/L—okuphindwe kahlanu kunomkhawulo onconywayo. I-UKCA-certified, i-lead-freeizinsimbi ze-brass teeukusiza ukuvimbela izingozi ezinjalo, ukusekela kokubili impilo yomphakathi kanye nezindinganiso eziqinile zokulawula ukuphepha kwesistimu yamanzi.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• Ukufakwa kwe-lead ye-UKCA-certified brass tee engenamthofu kuvimbela ukungcoliswa komthofu okuyingozi emanzini okuphuza, kuvikela impilo ikakhulukazi yezingane nabesifazane abakhulelwe.
• Ukufakwa kwe-brass tee kuqinisekisa ukuxhuma okuqinile, okungavuzi kumasistimu amapayipi, futhi izinguqulo ezingenamthofu zinikeza ukuqina, ukuphepha, kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo.
• Isitifiketi se-UKCA siqinisekisa ukufakwa kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zokuphepha nekhwalithi zase-UK, kusiza abakhiqizi nabasebenza ngamapayipi ukuba bahambisane nemithetho futhi basekele ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi aphephile.

Kungani I-Lead-Free, I-UKCA-Certified Brass Fittings Matter

Izingozi Zezempilo Zomthofu Emanzini Okuphuza

Ukungcoliswa komthofu emanzini okuphuza kuyingozi enkulu empilweni, ikakhulukazi emaqenjini asengozini njengezingane nabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ucwaningo lwesayensi luye lwabonisa ukuthi ngisho namazinga aphansi okuchayeka komthofu angabangela umonakalo omkhulu.

• Izingane ezichayeka emthonjeni zingase zibe nokukhubazeka kwemizwa kanye nengqondo, okuhlanganisa i-IQ encishisiwe, ukushoda kokunaka, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, nezinkinga zokuziphatha.
• Abantu abadala babhekana nezingozi ezengeziwe zomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukulimala kwezinso, izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kanye nezinkinga zokuzala.
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe abachayeke emanzini anomthofu banamathuba aphezulu okuphuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokukhula kwezingane zabo.
• Ukuchayeka okungamahlalakhona, ngisho nasekugxileni okuphansi, kungaholela emiphumeleni yezempilo yesikhathi eside kuwo wonke amaqembu obudala.

I-World Health Organization kanye ne-US Environmental Protection Agency babeke amazinga aphezulu aqinile avumelekile okuhola emanzini okuphuza (0.01 mg/L kanye no-0.015 mg/L, ngokulandelana) ngenxa yalezi zingozi. Ukuhlola, njengalolo olwenziwa eHamburg, eJalimane, kwathola ukuhlobana okuqondile phakathi komthofu emanzini kampompi kanye namazinga aphezulu omthofu egazini. Ukungenelela okunjengokugeza amanzi noma ukushintshela emanzini asemabhodleleni kunciphise kakhulu ukugcwala komthofu wegazi. Lokhu okutholakele kugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuqeda imithombo yomthofu ezinhlelweni zamanzi ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yomphakathi.

Ukubaluleka Kokufakwa Kwezinsimbi Zethusi Ezinhlelweni Zamanzi

I-Brass Tee Fittings idlala indima ebalulekile kuzo zombili izinhlelo zokusabalalisa amanzi ezindaweni zokuhlala nezohwebo.

• I-Brass, i-alloy yethusi ne-zinc, inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kanye nokusebenziseka kalula, okuyenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi.
• Lokhu kufakwa kuxhuma ngokuphephile amapayipi, okuvumela ukuguquguquka okushelelayo phakathi kwezinto ezihlukene zamapayipi futhi kuvumela izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamapayipi.
• Izinsimbi zethusi zilawula ukugeleza kwamanzi, zigcina ubuqotho besistimu ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu nezinga lokushisa, futhi zinikeze ama-seal aqinile, angavuzi.
• Ukuqina nokumelana nokugqwala kwazo kwandisa isikhathi sokuphila sezinhlelo zamapayipi, kunciphisa ukugcinwa nokushintshwa kwezidingo.
• Ukwehluka kwe-union tee kuvumela ukuqaqa nokuhlanganisa kalula, ukwenza ukugcinwa kube lula ngaphandle kokuphazamisa lonke uhlelo.
• Ukufakwa kwe-Brass tee nakho kungagaywa kabusha, kusekela ukusimama kwemvelo.

Ngokuqinisekisa ukuxhumeka okuthembekile nokusebenza kwesistimu, lokhu kufakwa kusiza ukuvimbela ukuvuza nokungcola, okubalulekile ekugcineni ikhwalithi yamanzi nokuphepha.

Izinzuzo Zokufakwa Kwe-Brass Tee Engakhokhelwa

Ukufakwa kwe-tee engenamthofi yethusi kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ngaphezu kokufakwa kwethusi okungokwesiko okungaqukatha umthofu.

• Ukuphepha: Lezi zinto ezifakwayo ziqeda ingozi yobuthi bomthofu ngokuvimbela umthofu onobuthi ekungcoliseni amanzi okuphuza, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikelwe impilo yomuntu.
• Ukuqina: Ithusi elingenawo umthofu ligcina ukugqwala nokuguguleka, liqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezifunwa yisistimu yamanzi.
• Ubungane Bendawo: Ngokugwema imfucuza eyingozi ehlobene nomthofu, lezi zifakelo zinciphisa umthelela wendawo futhi zisekela imigomo yokusimama.
• Ukuthobela Umthetho: Ukufakwa kwe-brass tee okungenayo i-lead kuhlangabezana nezimfuneko ezingokomthetho, ezifana Nomthetho Wokuncishiswa Kokuhola Emanzini Okuphuza, okhawulela okuqukethwe komthofu kungabi ngaphezu kuka-0.25% ngesisindo ezindaweni ezimanzi. Lokhu kuthobela kubalulekile ekwakhiweni okusha nasekulungisweni.
• Imiphumela Yezempilo Engcono: Ukunciphisa ukuchayeka komthofu ezinhlelweni zamanzi kukhuthaza impilo nokuphepha komphakathi jikelele.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonisa ukuthi ngisho nezinto ezifakwayo ezimakethwa njengezingenawo umthofu kwesinye isikhathi zingakhipha amanani amancane omthofu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwezinqubo zokufaka ezifana nokusika noma ukupholisha. Nokho, izinsimbi zethusi eziqinisekisiwe ze-UKCA, ezingenamthofu zihlolwa ngokuqinile nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi, kuncishiswe le ngozi futhi kuqinisekiswe izindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu zokuphepha kwamanzi. Le mikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe iphinde inikeze ukuqina okuphezulu neziqinisekiso ezinde uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ezingaqinisekisiwe, okunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo kubo bobabili abafaki nabasebenzisi bokugcina.

Ukuthobelana, Ukuqinisekisa, kanye Nokuguqulwa Kokufakwa Kwezinsimbi Ze-Brass

Ukuqonda Isitifiketi Se-UKCA Nokubaluleka Kwaso

Isitifiketi se-UKCA sesiyindinganiso entsha yemikhiqizo yamapayipi e-Great Britain kusukela ngoJanuwari 2021. Lolu phawu luqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlangabezana nezimfuneko zokuphepha, ezempilo, nezemvelo zase-UK. Isitifiketi se-UKCA manje sesiyisibopho ezimpahleni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ne-Brass Tee Fittings, ebekwe emakethe yase-UK. Ngesikhathi soshintsho, womabili amamaki e-UKCA nawe-CE amukelwa kuze kube nguDisemba 31, 2024. Ngemva kwalolu suku, i-UKCA kuphela ezoqashelwa e-Great Britain. Imikhiqizo yaseNyakatho Ireland idinga womabili amamaki. Lolu shintsho luqinisekisa ukuthi i-Brass Tee Fittings ithobela imithetho yendawo futhi igcina amazinga aphezulu okuphepha.

Imithetho Ebalulekile Namazinga (UKCA, NSF/ANSI/CAN 372, BSEN1254-1, Iziqondiso ze-EU/UK)

Imithetho nemigomo eminingi iqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yokufakwa kwamanzi okuphuza. Umthethonqubo wesi-4 weMithethonqubo Yokuhlinzekwa Kwamanzi (Ukufakwa Kwamanzi) 1999 udinga ukufakwa ukuze kuvinjwe ukungcoliswa nokusetshenziswa kabi. Imikhiqizo akufanele ikhiphe izinto eziyingozi futhi kufanele ihambisane namazinga aseBrithani noma izicaciso ezigunyaziwe. Izindikimba zezitifiketi ezifana ne-WRAS, i-KIWA, ne-NSF yokuhlola kanye nemikhiqizo eqinisekisayo, enikeza isiqinisekiso sokuthi i-Brass Tee Fittings igcina ikhwalithi yamanzi. Amazinga afana ne-NSF/ANSI/CAN 372 kanye ne-BSEN1254-1 abeka imikhawulo eqinile kokuqukethwe komthofu kanye nokusebenza kwemishini.

Isitifiketi, Izindlela Zokuhlola, Nokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi (Kufaka Ukuhlaziywa kwe-XRF)

Abakhiqizi basebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola ezithuthukisiwe ukuze baqinisekise okuqukethwe okuholayo ku-Brass Tee Fittings. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) kuyindlela eyinhloko engacekeli phansi. Ihlinzeka ngemiphumela esheshayo, enembile yokwakheka kwezinto, okuhlanganisa namaleveli omthofu. Abahlaziyi be-XRF abaphathwa ngesandla bavumela ukuqinisekiswa okusendaweni ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, okusekela ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi. Ezinye izindlela zifaka ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kokulimala kwendawo kanye nokuhlolwa kwemishini ukuze kutholakale amandla. Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali, okufana nekhemikhali emanzi, kunikeza ukuhlukana okuningiliziwe kwe-alloy. Lezi zinqubo ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokulawula futhi abenzi ubungozi bezempilo.

Izinselelo Zokushintsha kanye Nezixazululo Zabakhiqizi NamaPlumber

Abakhiqizi babhekana nezinselele ezimbalwa lapho beshintshela kokungenawo umthofu, Ukufakwa kwe-Brass Tee okugunyazwe yi-UKCA:

• Kufanele bahambisane nemithetho eqinile ekhawulela okuqukethwe komthofu ku-0.25% ngesisindo.
• Ukuthola isitifiketi kumazinga afana ne-NSF/ANSI/CAN 372 kuyimpoqo, ngokuvamile kudinga ukuhlolwa kwezinkampani zangaphandle.
• Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa izinsimbi ezigaywe kabusha.
• Izingoma ezintsha zengxubevange zithatha indawo yomthofu ngezinto ezinjenge-silicon noma i-bismuth ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza.
• Abakhiqizi kufanele bamake ngokucacile futhi bahlukanise phakathi kokufakwa okungenayo i-lead kanye ne-zero-lead.
• Ukuhlola okuthuthukile, okufana ne-XRF, kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthobelana.

Amapayipi kufanele aqonde umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo zokufafaza futhi aqinisekise ukufakwa okulungile. Ukulebula okucacile kanye nemfundo eqhubekayo kusiza ukugwema izinkinga zokuhambisana nokuvikela impilo yomphakathi.

Ukufakwa okuqinisekisiwe kwe-UKCA, nokungenamthofu kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni impilo yomphakathi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho. Ukulawulwa kobungozi okusebenzayo kanye nokubambelela emazingeni athuthukayo kusiza ababambiqhaza bagweme izinhlawulo ezingokomthetho, banciphise ukwehluleka ukusebenza, futhi bagcine ukwethenjwa. Ukukhetha imikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe kubonisa umthwalo wemfanelo futhi kusekela ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okuphephile, okuqinile.

FAQ

Kusho ukuthini "okungaholwa" ekufakweni kwe-brass tee?

“Ayinawo umthofi” kusho ukuthi ithusi aliqukethe umthofu ongaphezu kuka-0.25% ngesisindo ezindaweni ezimanzi. Lokhu kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zezempilo nezokuphepha zezinhlelo zamanzi okuphuza.

Abasebenza ngamapayipi bangakwazi kanjani ukuhlonza amathayi ethusi aqinisekisiwe we-UKCA, angenawo umthofu?

Abasebenza ngamapayipi bangabheka umaki we-UKCA ekupakishweni komkhiqizo noma ukufaka ngokwayo. Amadokhumenti esitifiketi avela kubahlinzeki nawo aqinisekisa ukuhambisana nemithetho yase-UK.

Ingabe ukufakwa kwe-brass tee engenamthofu kuthinta ukunambitheka noma ikhwalithi yamanzi?

Izinsimbi zethusi ezingenamthofu aziguquli ukunambitheka kwamanzi noma iphunga. Bagcina izinga lamanzi nokuphepha, besekela ukuthobela imithetho kanye nokuzethemba kwabathengi.