Ukufakwa kwepayipi le-Tezinhlelweni zokwelashwa kwamanzi ngokuvamile zihlangabezana nokugqwala okukhulu. Lokhu kugqwala kuholela ekuhlulekeni kwesistimu, ukungcola, nokulungiswa okumba eqolo. Ochwepheshe babhekana nale nselele ngokukhetha izinto ezifanele. Basebenzisa nezingubo zokuzivikela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa amasu okulungisa asebenzayo kuqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu nokuphila isikhathi eside kokufakwa kwamapayipi e-T.
Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile
- Ukugqwala emapayipini amanzi kubangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Kwenza amapayipi aphuke futhi namanzi angcolile. Ukukhetha izinto ezifanele kanye nama-coatings kusiza ukumisa lokhu.
- Izinto ezahlukahlukene njengensimbi engagqwali,amapulasitiki, kanye ne-fiberglass ekhethekile imelana nokugqwala. Ngayinye isebenza kangcono kakhulu ezimweni ezithile zamanzi. Lokhu kugcina amapayipi eqinile.
- Idizayini enhle, ukufakwa ngokucophelela, nokuhlola okuvamile kugcina amapayipi ephephile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugwema ukuthinta izinsimbi ezahlukene kanye nokuhlanza amapayipi njalo. Lezi zinyathelo zenza amapayipi ahlale isikhathi eside.
Ukuqonda Ukugqwala Ekuhlanzeni Kwamanzi Ukufakwa Kwepayipi T
Izinhlobo Zokugqwala Okuthinta Ukufakwa Kwepayipi le-T
Ukugqwala kubonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo zokuhlanza amanzi. Ukugqwala okufanayo kuhilela ukuhlasela okuvamile phezu kwendawo yonke. Ukugqwala kwe-pitting kudala izimbobo zendawo, ngokuvamile okuholela ekungeneni ngokushesha. Ukugqwala kwe-galvanic kwenzeka lapho izinsimbi ezimbili ezingafani zixhuma ku-electrolyte. Ukugqwala kweCrevice kuqala ezindaweni ezivalekile, kuyilapho ukuguguleka kubangelwa ukuguga okuhlanganisiwe komshini nokuhlaselwa kwamakhemikhali. Uhlobo ngalunye lubeka izinsongo ezihlukile kubuqotho bezingxenye.
Izinto Ezisheshisa Ukugqwala Ezindaweni Zokuhlanza Amanzi
Izinto ezimbalwa zemvelo zisheshisa kakhulu ukugqwala, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni ezifana naleziI-T Pipe Fittings. I-chemistry yamanzi idlala indima ebalulekile. Amanzi ane-asidi, abonakala nge-pH ephansi, asheshisa ukugqwala emapayipini ensimbi. Ngokuphambene, amanzi ane-alkaline kakhulu angadala izinkinga zezinto ezithile zamapayipi. Amanzi ane-alkaline kancane, ayasiza ekuvimbeleni ukugqwala kwamapayipi nezinto ezifakwayo. Amazinga komoyampilo ancibilikile nawo anomthelela emazingeni okugqwala; ukugxila okuphezulu kuvame ukwandisa i-oxidation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi athambile noma abolayo asheshisa ukuphuma komthofu nethusi emapayipini amapayipi. Ukugxila okuphezulu komthofu kuvame ukuvela emanzini athambile ane-pH ephansi. I-ayoni eyeqile emanzini iholela ekugugeni nokugqwala. Uma amagciwane e-iron ekhona, angabangela udaka lwe-gelatinous nokufakwa kwamapayipi. Izinga lokushisa kanye nesivinini sokugeleza nakho kunomthelela ku-corrosion kinetics.
Imiphumela Yokugqwala Ezinhlelweni Zokuhlanza Amanzi
Ukugqwala ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza amanzi kuholela emiphumeleni enzima yokusebenza nezokuphepha. Idala ukwehluleka kwesistimu, okudinga ukulungiswa okumba eqolo kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula. Izingxenye ezigqwalile zingangenisa ukungcola emanzini ahlanzekile, kubeke engcupheni ikhwalithi yamanzi kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Ukuncipha kokusebenza kahle kokugeleza kanye nokwenyuka kwezindleko zokumpompa kubangelwa ukukalwa kwamapayipi angaphakathi nokuvinjwa. Ekugcineni, ukugqwala kufinyeza isikhathi sempilo yengqalasizinda, okuholela ekushintshweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwemishini ebizayo.
Ukukhetha Okubalulekile Kokufakwayo Kwepayipi Le-T Elingangeni
Ukukhetha impahla efanele yokufakwa kwamapayipi e-T kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukugqwala ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza amanzi. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezihlukene zinikeza amazinga ahlukene okumelana nama-ejenti athile abolayo kanye nezimo zemvelo. Ukukhetha ngokucophelela kuqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside kwesistimu nokusebenza kahle.
Izinsimbi Ezingagqwali Zokufakwa Kwepayipi le-T
Izinsimbi ezingenasici ziyinketho ethandwayo yezicelo zokwelashwa kwamanzi ngenxa yokumelana kwazo nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu. Aqukethe i-chromium, eyenza isendlalelo se-passive ebusweni, evikela insimbi ekufakweni kwe-oxidation.
- 304 Insimbi Engagqwali: Leli banga lisetshenziswa kakhulu. Inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kanye nokwakheka. Iqukethe 18% chromium kanye 8% nickel. Lokhu kuyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile kanye nokukhetha okujwayelekile kwamasistimu amaningi amapayipi.
- 316 Insimbi Engagqwali: Leli banga lihlanganisa i-molybdenum. Inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuphakeme, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene nama-chloride nasezindaweni zasolwandle. Kukhethwa ukucubungula amakhemikhali, ukufakwa ogwini, kanye nezicelo zemithi lapho ukwanda kokumelana nokugqwala kuyadingeka.
Izikhungo zokuhlanza amanzi zikamasipala kanye nezindawo zokukhipha usawoti emanzini zisebenzisa izifakelo zensimbi engagqwali ngenxa yokuphila isikhathi eside nokwethembeka kwazo. Ukumelana kwe-chlorine namanye amakhemikhali okwelapha kuqinisekisa amashumi eminyaka esevisi engenazinkinga. Lokhu kuvikela impilo yomphakathi ngenkathi kunciphisa izidingo zesondlo.
I-Duplex insimbi engagqwali inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe. Insimbi engagqwali i-Duplex (UNS S31803) ibonisa Inombolo Elinganayo Yokumelana Ne-Pitting (PREN) engama-35. Lokhu kuphakeme kune-Type 304 kanye no-Type 316 stainless steels. Iphinde imelane nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi, okubalulekile ezinhlelweni ezifana nezitshalo zokukhipha usawoti emanzini. I-Duplex insimbi engagqwali ayijwayele ukuhlupheka ngenxa ye-stress corrosion cracking (SCC). I-Super Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750) iyingxubevange ephezulu yensimbi engagqwali eyiduplex. Inenani eliphansi le-PRE elingu-42. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke ezinhlelweni ezidinga amandla akhethekile nokumelana nokugqwala. Okuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-molybdenum, i-chromium, ne-nitrogen kunomthelela ekumelana nokugqwala, i-chloride pitting, nokuhlasela kokugqwala kwe-crevice. Isakhiwo se-duplex sinikeza ukumelana okuphawulekayo ekuqhekekeni kwe-chloride stress corrosion. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinolaka njengamanzi olwandle afudumele ane-chlorine ne-acidic, imidiya equkethe i-chloride. I-Super Duplex 2507 iyatholakala njengokufakwa okuhlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nokufakwa kwepayipi le-T. I-Super Duplex UNS S32750 ikhombisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu emithonjeni yezindaba eyonakalisayo. Lokhu kubandakanya ukumelana okuvelele emigodini kanye nokugqwala kwemifantu emanzini olwandle nakwezinye izindawo ezine-chloride. Ine-Critical Pitting Temperature engaphezu kuka-50°C. Futhi inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi ezindaweni ze-chloride. Lokhu kuyenza ifanele izimboni zikawoyela negesi lapho imishini engaphansi kolwandle ibhekana nezimo ezinzima ze-chloride.
Ama-Alloys Angeyona I-Frorous Ku-T Pipe Fittings
Ama-alloys angeyona i-ferrous, njengethusi, anikezela ngempumelelo ukumelana nokugqwala ezimeni ezithile zokwelashwa kwamanzi. Ama-alloys ethusi akhombisa okuhle kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu. Ukupholisha noma ukusebenzisa okokuvikela okufana ne-lacquer, koqweqwe lwawo, noma ukwelapha okucwebezelayo kungavimbela noma iyiphi i-patina yemvelo.
I-Brass inikeza ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala, ikakhulukazi emanzini asindayo ngamaminerali. Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okuphambili kwezicelo zamanzi okuphuza. Kuyimpahla eqinile ekwazi ukumelana nezingcindezi namazinga okushisa amaphakathi. I-Brass ilula ukwenza umshini, ivumela imicu enembile, evaleka ngokuqinile. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamanzi aphuzwayo, kufaka phakathi okokufakwayo, ama-valve, kanye ne-tapware. I-tee yokunciphisa engu-20mm x 1/2″ yethusi enentambo inengcindezi yokusebenza ephezulu yamabha ayi-10. Izinga lokushisa layo lokusebenza liyi-0-60°C. Lokhu kufakwa kuhambisana nepayipi lokucindezela le-PVC elingu-20mm nokufakwa kwe-spigot, kanye nokufakwa okucushwe owesilisa okungu-1/2″ kwe-BSP. Ifanele ukucubungula amanzi kanye nezicelo zokwelashwa.
Ipulasitiki namaPolymers Okufakwa Kwepayipi le-T
Amapulasitiki namapholima anikeza enye indlela engasindi futhi engabizi kakhulu kunezinsimbi. Banikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kumakhemikhali amaningi. I-ABS ne-PVC amapulasitiki ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ukwenza amapayipi kanye nokufakwa ekuhlanzeni amanzi, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zamanzi aphuzwayo. I-ABS ifaneleka kakhulu izinhlelo zezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ihlala i-ductile emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku -40ºC. Ezisetshenziswa ezisezingeni lokushisa eliphansi, amapayipi e-ABS ayanconywa njengoba egcina i-ductility yawo emazingeni okushisa afika ku -40ºC.
Ukufakwa kwepayipi le-PVC T amelana namanzi ane-chlorine. Lokhu kubenza balungele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokubhukuda, izindawo zokungcebeleka kanye nezindawo zokungcebeleka. Asetshenziswa nasezikhungweni zokuhlanza amanzi ukuthutha amanzi aluhlaza nahlanziwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqina kwazo kanye nokumelana nokukhula nokugqwala, ngisho nalapho zichayeke kumakhemikhali anolaka. I-PVC-U ikhombisa ukumelana kwamakhemikhali okuhle kakhulu ezixazululweni eziningi zama-asidi, ama-alkali, usawoti, nezixazululo ezixutshwa ngamanzi. Ayimelani nama-hydrocarbon anephunga elimnandi ne-chlorinated. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kwelunga lelunga ekugxilweni kwe-asidi ethile kungase kuholele ekuwohlokeni kwesibopho sikasimende. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-sulfuric acid engaphezu kuka-70%, i-hydrochloric acid engaphezu kuka-25%, i-nitric acid engaphezu kuka-20%, ne-hydrofluoric acid kukho konke ukugxila. Ukufakwa kwepayipi le-PVC T kukhombisa ukumelana kwamakhemikhali okuhle kakhulu kuzixazululo eziningi zama-asidi, ama-alkali, nosawoti, kanye nezincibilikisi ezingaxutshwa namanzi.
I-Fiberglass Eqinisiwe I-Plastiki ye-T Pipe Fittings
I-Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) inikeza isisombululo esihle kakhulu sezindawo ezigqwala kakhulu lapho izinketho zensimbi zingase zehluleke. I-FRP/GRP iyisixazululo esingasindi futhi esiqinile. Imelana nomthelela, ukugqwala, nama-chips. Lokhu kuyenza ifanelekele izindawo ezifunayo njengezindawo zokuhlanza amanzi. Ngokwemvelo ayigqwali. Ayinanhlansi futhi ingakwazi ukuphatha amakhemikhali anhlobonhlobo. Lokhu kuyenza ilungele izindawo ezinolaka.
I-FRP ikhombisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, inweba isikhathi sokuphila ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Imvelo yayo engasindi yenza inqubo yokufaka ibe lula. Iyakwazi ukumelana namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, alungele izindawo ezidinga kakhulu. Indawo yangaphakathi ebushelelezi isiza ukugeleza kwamanzi ngendlela efanele. Ithola amandla ayo ekusetshenzisweni okukhethekile ngenxa yokumelana namakhemikhali nokuqina. I-FRP iphinde futhi izuze ekuphatheni ugesi okuphansi, ofanele izindawo eziseduze nokufakwa kukagesi. I-thermal conductivity ephansi iyivimbela ekubeni 'ibanda ukuya ekuthinteni' emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
I-Protective Coatings kanye nama-Linings wokufakwa kwe-T Pipe Fittings
Izingubo zokuzivikela kanye nama-linings kunikeza ungqimba olubalulekile lokuzivikela ngokumelene nokugqwala kweUkufakwa kwepayipi le-Tkanye nezinye izingxenye ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza amanzi. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zidala umgoqo phakathi kwemvelo yamanzi anolaka kanye nezinto eziyisisekelo. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yokufakwa futhi kugcina ubuqotho besistimu.
I-Epoxy Coatings ye-T Pipe Fittings
Izembatho ze-epoxy zinikeza ukuvikeleka okuqinile kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokufakwa kwamapayipi e-T, ezindaweni zokuhlanza amanzi. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakha ungqimba oluqinile, oluqinile olumelana nokuhlaselwa kwamakhemikhali nokuhuzuka. Isibonelo, i-Sikagard®-140 Pool, i-acrylic resin coating, ibonisa ukumelana namanzi ane-chlorinated kanye nama-agent ajwayelekile okuhlanza amachibi okubhukuda. Lezi zihlanganisa izihlanzi ezine-asidi ne-alkaline nezibulala-magciwane. Lokhu kumelana kubambezeleka uma opharetha besebenzisa izinto zokuhlanza amanzi ezilawulwayo. Kodwa-ke, ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-chlorine, okudlula ku-0.6 mg/l, noma ukwelashwa kwe-ozone, njengokusho kwe-DIN 19643-2, kungaholela ekushoneni noma ekushintsheni kombala kwendawo. Lokhu kungase kudinge ukulungiswa ngezizathu zobuhle. Lokhu kunamathela okuthile akufanelekile kumachibi asebenzisa ukubulawa kwamagciwane okusekelwe ku-electrolysis.
Ama-epoxy coatings, ikakhulukazi lawo anemvume yokuhlolwa kwamanzi okuphuza (DWI), aqashelwa kabanzi emkhakheni wokugcinwa kwamanzi. Banikeza ukumelana kwamakhemikhali okuqinile nokuqina. Zivikela ngempumelelo ezinhlobonhlobo zamakhemikhali, kufaka phakathi i-chlorine. I-Chlorine iyisibulala-magciwane esivamile ekwelapheni amanzi okuphuza. Amasistimu okuhlanza amanzi ngokuvamile akha amathangi namafreyimu ngensimbi ene-epoxy-coated ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumelana nokugqwala. Ukwengeza, ama-skids avame ukusebenzisa izinto ze-MS epoxy-coated. Lezi zinto zigunyazwe i-NACE ukuze imelane nokugqwala okukhulu.
I-Polyurethane Coatings ye-T Pipe Fittings
Izembatho ze-polyurethane zinikeza esinye isisombululo esisebenzayo sokuvikela ukufakwa kwamapayipi we-T nezinye izingxenye zamapayipi. Lezi zingubo zaziwa ngokuguquguquka kwazo, ukuqina, nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuhunyazwa. I-polyurethane linings isetshenziswa ezindaweni zangaphakathi zamapayipi. Zivikela kukho kokubili ukugqwala nokuhuzuka. Lokhu kuzuzisa kakhulu kumasistimu lapho amanzi ethwala izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe noma ageleza ngesivinini esikhulu. Ukusebenzisa i-polyurethane coatings kumapayipi kusiza ukwandisa isikhathi sabo sokuphila. Lokhu kunciphisa imvamisa yokushintshwa nokugcinwa.
I-Rubber Linings ye-T Pipe Fittings
Izintambo zenjoloba zinikeza isendlalelo sokuvikela esiguquguqukayo nesiqinile sokufakwa kwamapayipi e-T, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezibandakanya ama-slurries abrasive noma amakhemikhali anolaka. Abakhiqizi basebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zerabha, njengerabha yemvelo noma ama-elastomer okwenziwa, ezindaweni ezingaphakathi zokufakwa. Lezi zingqimba zimunca umthelela futhi zimelane nokuguga okuvela ezinhlayiyeni. Baphinde banikeze ukumelana kwamakhemikhali okuhle kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zama-asidi, ama-alkali, nosawoti. Izintambo zenjoloba zisebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni lapho ukwanda okushisayo nokuncipha kungase kugcizelele ukunamathela okuqinile.
I-Glass Linings Yokufakwa Kwepayipi le-T
Izingilazi zengilazi zinikeza ukumelana namakhemikhali okukhethekile, okuwenza afanelekele izindawo zokuhlanza amanzi ezinolaka kakhulu. Lezi lining ziqukethe ungqimba oluncane lwengilazi oluhlanganiswe endaweni yensimbi yokufakwa kwamapayipi e-T nezinye izinto zokusebenza. Ubushelelezi, obungenambobo bengilazi linings buvimbela ukunamathela kwesikali kanye nokukhula kwezinto eziphilayo. Lokhu kugcina ukusebenza kahle kokugeleza futhi kunciphisa izidingo zokuhlanza. Izingilazi zengilazi zimelana kakhulu nama-asidi aqinile nezisekelo, ngisho nasemazingeni okushisa aphakeme. Lokhu kuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile lapho ezinye izindlela zokuvikela zingase zehluleke.
Idizayini kanye Nokufakwa Kokufakwa Kwepayipi Le-T Elingangeni
Ukuklama okuphumelelayo nokufakwa ngokucophelela kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukugqwala ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza amanzi. Le mikhuba iqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside nokuthembeka kwezingxenye. Ziphinde zehlise nezidingo zesondlo.
Ukunciphisa Amaphuzu Engcindezi Nemifantu Ku-T Pipe Fittings
Abaklami kufanele banciphise amaphuzu engcindezi nemifantu kokuthi Ukufakwa Kwepayipi le-T. Lezi zindawo zingabamba izinto ezonakalisayo. Baphinde badale izindawo zendawo lapho ukugqwala kushesha khona. Ukushintsha okubushelelezi namakhona ayindilinga kusiza ukunciphisa ukugxila kwengcindezi. Izindlela zokukhiqiza ezifanele zivimbela imiphetho ebukhali namagebe. Le ndlela yokuklama ikhawulela izingosi zokugqwala kwemifantu. Iphinde ithuthukise ubuqotho besistimu iyonke.
Amasu Okuhlanganisa Afanelekile Okufakwa Kwepayipi le-T
Izindlela ezilungile zokuhlanganisa zibalulekile ekumelaneni nokugqwala. Amalunga e-weld kumele abe bushelelezi futhi angabi nasici. Lezi zinkinga zingasebenza njengendawo yokuqala yokugqwala. Ukuxhuma okune-flanged kudinga ukukhethwa okufanele kwe-gasket kanye nokuqiniswa kwebhawodi. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuvuza futhi kugcina uphawu oluqinile. Izixhumanisi ezinezintambo zidinga ama-sealant afanelekile. Lezi zinsimbi zivimbela ukungena koketshezi kanye nokugqwala okulandelayo.
Ukugwema Ukuthintana Kwensimbi Okungafani Kokufakwayo kwe-T Pipe
Ukugqwala kwe-galvanic kwenzeka lapho izinsimbi ezingafani zixhuma ku-electrolyte. Abaqambi kumele bagweme ukuthintana okuqondile phakathi kwezinsimbi ezahlukene. Ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwe-galvanic phakathi kwamapayipi enziwe ngezinto ezahlukene, izixhumi ze-dielectric zivame ukusetshenziswa. Lezi zixhumi ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amantongomane, izintambo zangaphakathi, nemicu yangaphandle. Benza lula ukuxhumana ngenkathi behlinzeka ngokuhlukaniswa kukagesi. I-TM198 iyisimboli esithambile se-thermoplastic esisetshenziswa njengenhlaka encibilikisiwe. Ivikela ngokuphumelelayo izingxenye zensimbi, okuhlanganisa ukubhobhoza, kusuka ku-galvanic pitting kanye nokugqwala komkhathi. Lokhu kunamathela futhi kunikeza isivikelo emanzini nasekungeneni kothuli. Ifanele ukuhlukaniswa kwe-conductor kagesi. Amandla ayo e-dielectric ahlolwe ngokwe-ASTM D149.
Ukuqinisekisa Ukugeleza Okufanelekile Nokuvimbela Ukuma Kokufakwayo Kwepayipi le-T
I-drainage efanele ivimbela ukubola kwamanzi. Amanzi amile angaholela ekugqwaleni kwendawo. Dizayina amasistimu anemithambeka namaphoyinti okudonsa amanzi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthululwa okuphelele ngesikhathi sokuvalwa. Gwema imilenze efile noma izindawo lapho amanzi angaqoqa khona. Ukugeza njalo kusiza ekususeni izinto ezibolayo futhi kuvimbele ukwakheka kwe-biofilm.
Ukugcinwa Nokuqapha Kokufakwa Kwamapayipi e-T Ubude Obude
Ukugcinwa okuphumelelayo nokuqapha okuqaphile kwandisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphila kweUkufakwa kwepayipi le-T. Lezi zinqubo zivimbela ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesistimu okuqhubekayo. Ziphinde zehlise izindleko zokusebenza zizonke.
Ukuhlolwa Okuvamile Nokuqapha Isimo Sokufakwa Kwepayipi le-T
Ama-Opharetha enza ukuhlola okubonakalayo okuvamile kokufakwa kwamapayipi e-T. Babheka izimpawu zokugqwala kwangaphandle, ukuvuza, noma ukulimala ngokomzimba. Izikhungo ziphinde zisebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola ezingabhubhi (NDT). Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic noma ukuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-eddy kuhlola ukushuba kodonga lwangaphakathi futhi kuthola amaphutha afihliwe. Lokhu kuhlola okuvamile kuhlonza izinkinga ezingaba khona kusenesikhathi. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuvumela ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi.
Ukuphathwa Kwekhemistry Yamanzi Yokufakwa Kwepayipi le-T
Ukulawula amakhemikhali amanzi ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukugqwala. Izikhungo zihlala ziqapha amazinga e-pH, ukugxila kwe-chlorine, nomoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe. Ukugcina ububanzi obulungile balawa mapharamitha kunciphisa ukusabela okubolayo. Izitshalo zokuhlanza amanzi zivame ukufaka ama-corrosion inhibitors. Lawa makhemikhali akha ifilimu evikelayo ezindaweni zensimbi. Le filimu ivikela ukufakwa ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezinolaka.
Izinqubo Zokuhlanza Nokwehlisa Ukufakwa Kwepayipi le-T
Ukuhlanza okuvamile kususa isikali, i-sediment, ne-biofilm ekufakweni kwamapayipi e-T. Lawa madiphozithi angakha izindawo ezigqwalile zasendaweni. Izindlela zokuhlanza ngemishini, njengokungulube noma ukuxubha, susa udoti oxekethile. Ama-chemical descaling agents ancibilikisa ukunqwabelana kwamaminerali anenkani. Ukuhlanza okusebenzayo kugcina ukusebenza kahle kwe-hydraulic futhi kuvimbela ukugqwala okusheshisa.
Amaphrothokholi Okulungisa Nokushintsha Kokufakwa Kwepayipi le-T
Izinsiza zisungula amaphrothokholi acacile okubhekana nokufakwa kwamapayipi e-T awonakele. Izinkinga ezincane, njengokuvuza okuncane, zingavumela ukulungiswa kwesikhashana kusetshenziswa izinsimbi noma izinsimbi. Kodwa-ke, ukugqwala okukhulu, ukuqhekeka, noma ukulahleka kwezinto ezibalulekile kudinga ukushintshwa ngokushesha. Ukugcina uhlu lwezinto eziyisipele kuqinisekisa ukulungiswa okusheshayo. Lokhu kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwesistimu futhi kugcina ubuqotho bokusebenza.
Ukumelana nokugqwala okusebenzayo ekufakweni kwamapayipi e-T okwelashwa kwamanzi kudinga indlela enezinhlangothi eziningi. Ochwepheshe bahlanganisa ukukhethwa kwezinto ezinolwazi, okokuvikela okunamasu, ukuklama okucophelelayo, nokunakekela ngenkuthalo. Lezi zixazululo zithuthukisa kakhulu impilo ende, ukusebenza kahle, nokuphepha kwezinhlelo zokuhlanza amanzi.
FAQ
Iluphi uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokugqwala oluthinta ukufakwa kwamapayipi e-T?
Ukugqwala kwe-pitting kuvame ukuthinta ukufakwa kwamapayipi e-T. Idala izimbobo zendawo. Lokhu kungaholela ekungeneni ngokushesha kanye nokwehluleka kwesistimu. Ukugqwala kwe-galvanic kwenzeka futhi lapho izinsimbi ezingafani zixhuma.
Kungani ochwepheshe bevame ukukhetha insimbi engagqwali yokufakwa kwamapayipi e-T?
Ochwepheshe bakhetha insimbi engagqwali ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu. Yakha isendlalelo sokwenziwa. Lesi singqimba sivikela insimbi ekufakweni kwe-oxidation. Amabanga afana ne-316 anikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kuma-chloride.
Izembatho ezivikelayo zithuthukisa kanjani ukuphila kokufakwa kwamapayipi e-T?
Izembatho ezivikelayo zidala umgoqo. Lo mgoqo uhlukanisa okokusebenza emanzini agqwalayo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwamakhemikhali nokuhuzuka. Izembatho ezifana ne-epoxy ne-polyurethane zinweba kakhulu impilo yesevisi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-06-2025