Ukufakwa Kwamapayipi e-PVC vs Ukufakwa Kwethusi: Indlela Yokukhetha

Isingeniso

Ukukhetha phakathi kokufakwa kwamapayipi e-PVC kanye nokufakwa kwethusi kwehle kakhulu kunentengo. Into ngayinye iziphatha ngendlela ehlukile ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ukushisa, ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali, kanye nokucindezeleka ngokomzimba, okuthinta izindlela zokufaka, izidingo zokulungisa, kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo iyonke. I-PVC ivame ukuthandwa ezinhlelweni zamanzi abandayo nezimanzi ezilula, ezingagqwali, kuyilapho ithusi livame ukukhethwa ngenxa yokuqina, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, kanye nemigqa yokuphakelwa edingayo. Lesi sihloko sichaza umehluko obalulekile ekusebenzeni, izindleko, isikhathi sokuphila, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile ukuze ukwazi ukufanisa izinto zokufaka nohlelo lwamapayipi, isabelomali, kanye nezimo zokusebenza ngezimanga ezimbalwa kamuva.

Ukukhetha Phakathi Kwezinto Zokufaka Amapayipi ze-PVC kanye nezethusi

Ukukhetha izinto ezifanele zokuhambisa uketshezi kuyisinqumo esiyisisekelo kubunjiniyela bemishini nezakhiwo. Impikiswano phakathi kokufakwa kwamapayipi e-PVC kanye nozakwabo bethusi igxile ekulinganiseni izindleko zezinto ezisetshenziswa kusengaphambili kanye nobuqotho bokusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Zombili izinto zinezakhiwo ezihlukile zemishini ezinquma ukufaneleka kwazo kumanethiwekhi okufaka amapayipi ezentengiselwano, ezimbonini, kanye nezindlu.

Umthelela wezinto ezibonakalayo ekufakweni nasekuphileni kwenkonzo

Izakhiwo ezingokwemvelo zalezi zinto zilawula izindlela zazo zokufaka kanye nemijikelezo yokuphila elindelekile. I-Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yephrofayili yayo elula, esheshisa ukuphathwa futhi inciphise umthwalo wesakhiwo ezinhlakeni zesakhiwo. Uma ifakwa kahle kusetshenziswa i-primer kanye ne-solvent cement, amanethiwekhi e-PVC ngokuvamile anikeza impilo yesevisi ethembekile yeminyaka engu-50 kuya ku-70 ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi abandayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ithusi liyingxubevange ehlanganisiwe, yethusi-zinc edinga ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo okunzima kodwa inikeza ukuqina komshini okungenakuqhathaniswa. Ukufakwa kwethusi kuvame ukufeza izimpilo zesevisi ezidlula iminyaka engu-80 kuya ku-100, kumelana nomthelela ongokwenyama, ukuwohloka kwemvelo, kanye namandla okuchoboza angaphandle kangcono kakhulu kune-polymers zokwenziwa.

Amacala asetshenziswa njalo okufakwa kwe-PVC kanye nethusi

Izindawo zokusetshenziswa zilawula ngokuqinile ukucaciswa kwalezi zingxenye. I-PVC ibusa kakhulu ezimweni eziphansi zokucindezela, zokushisa okuzungezile njengokunisela kwezolimo, imigudu yamanzi kamasipala, kanye nezinhlelo zokukhipha imfucuza (DWV). Ukuzivikela kwayo okuphelele ekugqwaleni kwe-galvanic okubangelwa inhlabathi kwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ukungcwatshwa ngqo. Kodwa-ke, izindinganiso zemboni zikhawulela i-PVC ejwayelekile ezindaweni lapho amazinga okushisa oketshezi angadluli ku-140°F (60°C). Ngenxa yalokhu kunciphisa ukushisa, ukufakwa kwethusi kuyindinganiso ephoqelekile yama-node anokucindezeleka okuphezulu, kufaka phakathi imigqa yokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi ashisayo, izihibe zokushisa ze-hydronic, kanye nokuxhumeka kokushintshana nezinto zomshini lapho amazinga okushisa enyuka khona njalo.

Umehluko Wokusebenza Okuyinhloko

Ukuhlaziya imininingwane yobunjiniyela bezinto zokufakelwa kwamapayipi e-PVC kanye nezinye izindlela zethusi kwembula umehluko omkhulu ekubekezeleleni ukushisa kanye nokucindezela. Onjiniyela kumele bahlole lezi zilinganiso zokusebenza eziyinhloko ukuze bavimbele ukwehluleka kwesistimu okubi kakhulu futhi baqinisekise ukulandelwa kwekhodi.

Ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa, ukugqwala, kanye namandla

Imingcele yokushisa kanye nengcindezi isebenza njengemigqa eyinhloko yokuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili. I-Standard Schedule 40 PVC ibhekana nokwehla okukhulu kwezilinganiso zokucindezela njengoba amazinga okushisa angaphakathi noma angaphakathi ekhuphuka, okuphumela ekulahlekelweni ubuqotho bayo besakhiwo ngaphezu kuka-140°F (60°C). Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukufakwa kwethusi kuphatha kalula ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, kusebenza njalo ezindaweni ezingaphezu kuka-200°F (93°C) ngenkathi kugcinwa amazinga okucindezela angaphezu kuka-400 PSI. Ngenkathi i-PVC ivikelekile ngokuphelele ekugqwaleni kwe-galvanic kanye ne-electrolytic, ithusi lingathinteka ekuqhekekeni uma livezwa ezinhlelweni zamanzi ezinamandla kakhulu ezine-pH engaphansi kuka-6.5 noma amazinga e-chloride aphezulu ngokungavamile.

Izindlela zokujoyina, ukuzinza, kanye nokulungiswa

Izindlela ezisetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa lezi zinto zinquma isivinini sokuhlanganiswa kokuqala kanye nokwenzeka kokugcinwa kwesikhathi esizayo. I-PVC ithembele ekushiseni i-solvent, inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali edinga phakathi kwamahora ama-2 nama-24 ukuze iphole kuye ngomswakama ozungezile kanye nobubanzi bepayipi. Uma sezihlanganisiwe, amalunga e-PVC ahlala njalo futhi kumele asikwe ngokuphelele ukuze kulungiswe. Amalunga ethusi asebenzisa ukuxhumeka kwe-NPT okunezintambo, izindandatho zokucindezela, noma ukugoqa okujulukayo. Amalunga ethusi anezintambo kanye nokucindezela avumela ukucindezela kwesistimu ngokushesha futhi angahlukaniswa ngendlela engonakalisi, okunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokungasebenzi ngesikhathi semisebenzi yokulungisa ebalulekile.

Izindlela zokuqhathanisa ezihambisanayo

Ukuze kwenziwe lula inqubo yokuhlola, ithebula elilandelayo lichaza izilinganiso zokuqala zokuqhathanisa zazo zombili izinhlobo zokufaneleka.

Lapho Izinto Zokufakelwa Zethusi Zingcono Kakhulu

Nakuba ama-polymer ebusa ukuthuthwa koketshezi oluningi ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwezindleko, ukufakwa kwethusi kusalokhu kubalulekile engqalasizinda ebalulekile. Kwabakhi bezentengiselwano kanye nabaphathi bezikhungo, ukucacisa ithusi kuyindlela yokutshala imali ehlelekile ekuqineni kwesistimu, ikakhulukazi lapho ukucindezeleka kokushisa kanye nemithwalo yemishini kugxile kakhulu.

Ukusebenza emanzini ashisayo nokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe

Izinhlelo zokukhiqizwa kwamanzi ashisayo kanye nokusabalalisa ziphoqelela ukuzinza kokushisa okunganikezwa yizingxenye zensimbi kuphela. Amakhodi okwakha avame ukugcizelela ukuthi amapayipi avuthayo noma azwela ukushisa awakwazi ukuxhuma ngqo kuma-heater amanzi. Ngokuvamile, imithetho idinga okungenani amasentimitha angu-18 amapayipi ensimbi kanye nokufakwa okuvela emthonjeni wokushisa ngaphambi kokushintshela ezintweni zokwenziwa. Ukufakwa kwethusi kuyaphumelela kulezi zindawo, kubamba ukunwebeka okuphindaphindiwe kokushisa kanye nemijikelezo yokufinyela ngaphandle kokukhathala, ukuqhekeka, noma ukuqhekeka okuncane okuhlasela ama-polymer aqinile eminyakeni eminingi yokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe.

Izinto ezibangela izindleko, amamaki ekhwalithi, kanye nezici zokuthola imali

Ukuthola izinto zokufakelwa zethusi kudinga ukuhamba ngeketanga lokuphakelwa eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kanye nesakhiwo sezindleko kunokuthola i-PVC eningi. Ithusi elimelana nokuqothuka kwe-Dezincification Resistant (DZR) elisezingeni eliphezulu, elihlanganisa inani elincane le-arsenic noma i-tin ukuvimbela ukuvuza kwe-zinc, ngokuvamile libiza iprimiyamu engu-15% kuya ku-20% kunethusi eliphuzi elijwayelekile kodwa libalulekile ukuze lihlale isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinamanzi aqinile. Kumaphrojekthi amakhulu ezentengiselwano noma ekukhiqizweni kwe-OEM, abathengi kumele futhi babhalele ubuNini be-oda elincane (ama-MOQ). Ukwenziwa kwemikhiqizo yokufakelwa kwethusi ngokwezifiso ngokuvamile kudinga ama-MOQ asukela kumayunithi ayi-1,000 kuya ku-5,000, kuye ngobunzima bomshini we-CNC odingekayo. Ukuqonda lezi zindlela zokuqhuba izindleko kuqinisekisa ukulinganisa okunembile kwephrojekthi kanye nokuhlelwa kwezinto.

Ukuthobela Imithetho, Ukuthola Imithombo, kanye Nezindleko Eziphelele

Ukucaciswa kwezingxenye zamapayipi kudlulela ngale kokusebenza kwemishini; kuhlanganisa ukuthobela imithetho eqinile, ukuhanjiswa kwempahla, kanye nezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi. Ukuzulazula kulezi zici kubalulekile ekuqalisweni kwephrojekthi ngempumelelo kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi.

Amakhodi, izitifiketi, kanye nezidingo zamanzi aphuzwayo

Ukuthobela imithetho kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zamanzi aphuzwayo ezenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabantu. UMthetho Wamanzi Okuphuza Aphephile (SDWA) e-United States ukhawulela ngokuqinile okuqukethwe kwe-lead okuvunyelwe ezingxenyeni zamapayipi. Ukuze kuhambisane nalokho, ukufakwa kwethusi kumele kuqinisekiswe yizindinganiso ze-NSF/ANSI 372 kanye ne-NSF/ANSI 61, ezigunyaza okuqukethwe kwe-lead okulinganiselwe okungaphansi kuka-0.25%. Ukufakwa kwepayipi le-PVC lamapayipi ngokwemvelo kuyahlangabezana nezidingo ezingenayo i-lead, kodwa kumele kusadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi azikho izinto zokupholisa eziyingozi noma iziqinisi zamakhemikhali eziphuma emanzini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Okuqukethwe okuholayo, ukuhambisana kokukhiqiza, kanye nokuthuthwa kwempahla

Ukushintshela embonini yonke kuthusi elingenalo i-lead kwethule ubunzima obusha bokukhiqiza. I-lead yayivame ukusebenza njengesithambisi esibalulekile ngesikhathi sokwenziwa kwe-alloy zethusi. Ezinye izindlela zesimanje ezingenalo i-lead, ezithatha indawo yezinto ezifana ne-bismuth noma i-silicon, zinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kuqina kwezinto okwandisiwe kusheshisa ukuguguleka kwamathuluzi e-CNC ngamaphesenti angama-30, okunyusa izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi kwandise isikhathi sokukhiqiza. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuthengwa ngobuningi kwezinsimbi ezikhethekile zethusi ezingenalo i-lead kuvame ukudinga izikhathi zokuhola zamasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8, okudinga ukubikezela okunembile kwempahla ngabasabalalisi abathengisa ngobuningi kanye nabakhi bemishini.

Izinyathelo zokuhlola zabathengi kanye nabakhi

Amaqembu okuthenga kumele ahlole lezi ziguquguquko ngendlela ehlelekile ukuze agweme izithiyo zokuhlinzeka. Ithebula elingezansi liqokomisa imiphumela yokusebenza kokuthola izinto ezihambisanayo zezicelo zezentengiselwano.

Indlela Yokwenza Ukukhetha Kokugcina

Ukufinyelela esinqumweni sokugcina kudinga onjiniyela namaqembu okuthenga ukuthi bavumelanise amakhono ezinto ezibonakalayo nezidingo zemvelo zephrojekthi kanye nemikhawulo yesabelomali. Indlela ehlanganisiwe ivame ukukhiqiza inethiwekhi yamapayipi eqinile kakhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu.

Uhlaka lokukhetha ngokwesicelo kanye nendawo

Uhlaka lokukhetha oluqinile lunquma ukuthi izinto zisetshenziswe lapho amandla azo angokomzimba ekhuliswa khona. Uma uhlelo lusebenza ngokuqhubekayo emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-140°F (60°C), noma uma izingxenye zizovezwa emisebeni ye-ultraviolet (UV) eqondile ngaphandle kokumbozwa okuvikelayo, ithusi liyisinqumo esingaphikiswa. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kumanethiwekhi amakhulu okuthutha uketshezi oluningi njengokunisela ngaphansi komhlaba noma imigqa yendle kamasipala, ukumelana kwamakhemikhali kanye nephrofayili yokufaka ngokushesha kwamapayipi e-PVC okufakwe amapayipi kuzenza zibe yizincazelo eziphakeme kakhulu. Onjiniyela bavame ukuklama izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe, besebenzisa i-PVC ekugijimeni okude, okuqondile, okushisa okuzungezile futhi bashintshele kuthusi lama-valve, ama-junctions, kanye nokuxhumeka kwegumbi lemishini.

Ukulinganisela izindleko zangaphambilini nenani lesikhathi eside

Ukubalwa kwezomnotho kumele kudlulele ngale kwe-oda lokuthenga lokuqala. Ngaphambili, ukufakwa kwethusi kungabiza ngaphezulu ngo-400% kuya ku-1000% ngengxenye ngayinye kunezilinganiso zazo ze-PVC; indololwane ejwayelekile ye-PVC engamasentimitha ayi-100 ingabiza u-$0.50, kanti indololwane yethusi engenalo i-lead efanayo ingadlula u-$4.50. Kodwa-ke, ubunjiniyela benani budinga ukubala izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila. Ezindaweni ezinomfutho ophezulu noma okushisa okuphezulu, ukwehluleka kokufakwa kwe-polymer eyodwa kungabangela izinkulungwane zamaRandi emonakalweni wamanzi, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo, kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi. Ukucacisa ithusi le-premium kulezi zingqimba ezibalulekile kuqeda ngempumelelo le ngozi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemali yokuqala ephezulu kuhumusha ngqo ekuvikelweni kwempahla yesikhathi eside kanye nezikweletu zokulungisa ezincishisiwe kakhulu.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Iziphetho ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye nesizathu sokufakwa kwamapayipi e-pvc
• Imininingwane, ukuhambisana, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi okufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuthi uzibophezele
• Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo kanye nezixwayiso abafundi abangazisebenzisa ngokushesha

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Kufanele ngikhethe nini izinto zokufaka amapayipi e-PVC esikhundleni sethusi?

Sebenzisa i-PVC emanzini abandayo, e-DWV, ekuniseleni, kanye nasezintanjeni ezimboziwe lapho amazinga okushisa ehlala ngaphansi kuka-140°F futhi izindleko eziphansi zibalulekile.

Kunini lapho izinto zokufakelwa zethusi zingcono khona?

Khetha ithusi lamanzi ashisayo, izinhlelo ze-hydronic, izindawo ezithinta kakhulu, kanye nokuxhumeka kwezinsimbi okudinga amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokushisa.

Ingabe izinto zokufakelwa ze-PVC zingamelana nomfutho ophezulu?

Ku-73°F, ezinye izihlanganisi ze-Schedule 40 PVC zisingatha umfutho ophezulu, kodwa izilinganiso ziyehla njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. Njalo qinisekisa ishadi lomfutho lomshini.

Ingabe kulula ukufaka izinto zokufakelwa ze-PVC kunezinto zokufakelwa zethusi?

Ngokuvamile yebo. I-PVC ilula futhi ihlanganiswe nge-solvent, kodwa amalunga adinga isikhathi sokulungiswa. Izintambo zethusi noma izinsimbi zokucindezela zingacindezelwa ngokushesha.

Abathengi bangabathola kanjani abahlinzeki bokufaka abathembekile bezidingo zephrojekthi?

Qhathanisa imininingwane yezinto ezibonakalayo, izilinganiso zokucindezela, kanye nokusekelwa kohlelo lokusebenza. Ukuze uthole izinketho zokuhlinzekwa kokufakwa kwensimbi yezimboni, buyekeza abakhiqizi abanjengo-nbfh-metal.com ukuthola imikhiqizo yethusi etholakalayo.